Modified Nonabsorptive Chessboard Configuration for Radar Cross Section Reduction

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ministry of ICT, Telecommunication Infrastructure Company, Tehran, Iran.

2 Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.

Abstract

This paper presents a modified nonabsorptive radar cross-section (RCS) reducer based on previous reports. The design is a flat 4×4 chessboard, followed by two upper and lower dielectrics with the same relative permittivity and thickness. The lower dielectric is metal-backed. The incident wave to the surface of the upper dielectric penetrates through the structure. Some parts of the incident wave is reflected back by the black (metal) sections of the chessboard in the middle, while the remaining parts of the wave penetrates further in the lower dielectric until it is totally reflected by the ground plane. The relative permittivity and dielectric thicknesses are computed analytically to make a 180° phase difference between the two reflected waves. This results in destructive interference and makes a null in the expected angle of reflection. The theory of operation is deduced generally for any angle of incidence as well as both principal polarizations. First, the designing procedure is done with MATLAB, then the practical design is simulated with Ansys HFSS13 and finally, it is fabricated and its monostatic RCS reduction property is measured experimentally. At least 10dB RCS reduction compared to a metal plate of the same size is guaranteed from 8.5 to 17.5 GHz for normal incidence.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

[1] G. T. Ruck, D. E. Barrick, W. D. Stuart, and C. K.
Krichbaum, Radar Cross Section Handbook. Volumes 1 & 2:
Plenum Press, New York, 1970.
[2] C. Chen, Z. Li, L. L. Liu, J. Xu, P. Ning, B. Xu, et al., "A
circularly-polarized metasurfaced dipole antenna with wide
axial-ratio beamwidth and RCS reduction functions,"
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 154, pp. 79-85,
2015.
[3] J. Zhang, J. Xu, Y. Qu, J. Ding, and C. Guo, "A microstrip
antenna with reduced in-band and out-of-band radar cross-
section," International Journal of Microwave and Wireless
Technologies, pp. 1-7.
[4] J. Zhang, H. Li, Q. Zheng, J. Ding, and C. Guo, "Wideband
radar cross-section reduction of a microstrip antenna using
slots," International Journal of Microwave and Wireless
Technologies, vol. 10, pp. 1042-1047, 2018.
[5] A. Ghayekhloo, M. Afsahi, and A. A. Orouji, "An optimized
checkerboard structure for cross-section reduction: Producing
a coating surface for bistatic radar using the equivalent
electric circuit model," IEEE Antennas and Propagation
Magazine, pp. 1-1, 2018.
[6] F. Costa, S. Genovesi, and A. Monorchio, "A frequency
selective absorbing ground plane for low-RCS microstrip
antenna arrays," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol.
126, pp. 317-332, 2012.
[7] X. Zhu, W. Shao, J.-L. Li, and Y.-L. Dong, "Design and
optimization of low RCS patch antennas based on a genetic
algorithm," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol.
122, pp. 327-339, 2012.
[8] M. Shabani and A. Mir, "Design and Analysis of an Ultra-
Broadband Polarization-Independent Wide-Angle Plasmonic
THz Absorber," IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, vol.
57, pp. 1-8, 2021.
[9] B. Noorbakhsh, A. Abdolali, and M. Janforooz, "In‐band
radar cross‐section reduction of the slot array antennas by
RAM‐based frequency selective surfaces," IET Microwaves,
Antennas & Propagation, 2021.
[10] G. Gonçalves Machado, R. Cahill, V. Fusco, and G. Conway,
"Frequency selective superstrate absorber for wideband RCS
reduction of metal‐backed antennas," IET Microwaves,
Antennas & Propagation, 2021.
[11] F. He, K. Si, D. Zha, R. Li, Y. Zhang, J. Dong, et al.,
"Broadband Microwave Absorption Properties of a
Frequency-Selective Surface Embedded in a Patterned
Honeycomb Absorber," IEEE Transactions on
Electromagnetic Compatibility, 2021.
[12] R. L. Fante and M. T. Mccormack, "Reflection properties of
the Salisbury screen," IEEE transactions on antennas and
propagation, vol. 36, pp. 1443-1454, 1988.
[13] L. Alonso-González, S. Ver-Hoeye, M. Fernandez-Garcia,
and F. Las Heras Andres, "Layer-to-Layer Angle Interlock
3D Woven Bandstop Frequency Selective Surface," Progress
In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 162, pp. 81-94, 2018.
[14] A. Firouzfar, M. Afsahi, and A. A. Orouji, "Novel synthesis
formulas to design square patch frequency selective surface
absorber based on equivalent circuit model," International
Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering,
vol. 29, p. e21680, 2019.
[15] A. Firouzfar, M. Afsahi, and A. A. Orouji, "Novel,
Straightforward Procedure to Design Square Loop Frequency
Selective Surfaces Based on Equivalent Circuit Model,"
AEU-International Journal of Electronics and
Communications, p. 153164, 2020.
[16] A. Ghayekhloo, M. Afsahi, and A. A. Orouji, "Checkerboard
plasma electromagnetic surface for wideband and wide-angle
bistatic radar cross section reduction," IEEE Transactions on
Plasma Science, vol. 45, pp. 603-609, 2017.
[17] A. Fallahi, A. Yahaghi, H.-R. Benedickter, H. Abiri, M.
Shahabadi, and C. Hafner, "Thin wideband radar absorbers,"
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 58,
pp. 4051-4058, 2010.
[18] M. Bozzi and L. Perregrini, "Analysis of multilayered printed
frequency selective surfaces by the MoM/BI-RME method,"
IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 51,
pp. 2830-2836, 2003.
[19] F. Wang, W. Jiang, T. Hong, H. Xue, S. Gong, and Y.
Zhang, "Radar cross section reduction of wideband antenna
with a novel wideband radar absorbing materials," IET
Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, vol. 8, pp. 491-497,
2014.
[20] F. Sakran, Y. Neve-Oz, A. Ron, M. Golosovsky, D. Davidov,
and A. Frenkel, "Absorbing frequency-selective-surface for
the mm-wave range," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and
Propagation, vol. 56, pp. 2649-2655, 2008.
[21] M. Li, S. Xiao, Y.-Y. Bai, and B.-Z. Wang, "An ultrathin and
broadband radar absorber using resistive FSS," IEEE
Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 11, pp. 748-
751, 2012.
[22] H.-B. Zhang, P.-H. Zhou, H.-P. Lu, Y.-Q. Xu, D.-F. Liang,
and L.-J. Deng, "Resistance selection of high impedance
surface absorbers for perfect and broadband absorption,"
IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag, vol. 61, pp. 976-979, 2013.
[23] Y. Jia, Y. Liu, Y. J. Guo, K. Li, and S.-X. Gong, "Broadband
polarization rotation reflective surfaces and their applications
to RCS reduction," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and
Propagation, vol. 64, pp. 179-188, 2016.
[24] Q. Zheng, C. Guo, H. Li, and J. Ding, "Broadband radar
cross-section reduction using polarization conversion
metasurface," International Journal of Microwave and
Wireless Technologies, vol. 10, pp. 197-206, 2018.
[25] M. Paquay, J.-C. Iriarte, I. Ederra, R. Gonzalo, and P. de
Maagt, "Thin AMC structure for radar cross-section
reduction," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and
Propagation, vol. 55, pp. 3630-3638, 2007.
[26] S. Esmaeli and S. Sedighy, "Wideband radar cross-section
reduction by AMC," Electronics Letters, vol. 52, pp. 70-71,
2015.
[27] L. Zhao, D. Yang, H. Tian, Y. Ji, and K. Xu, "A pole and
AMC point matching method for the synthesis of HSF-UC-
EBG structure with simultaneous AMC and EBG properties,"
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 133, pp. 137-
157, 2013.
[28] J. C. I. Galarregui, A. T. Pereda, J. L. M. De Falcon, I.
Ederra, R. Gonzalo, and P. de Maagt, "Broadband radar
cross-section reduction using AMC technology," IEEE
Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 61, pp.
6136-6143, 2013.
[29] A. Edalati and K. Sarabandi, "Wideband, wide angle,
polarization independent RCS reduction using nonabsorptive
miniaturized-element frequency selective surfaces," IEEE
transactions on antennas and propagation, vol. 62, pp. 747-
754, 2014.
[30] S. Simms and V. Fusco, "Chessboard reflector for RCS
reduction," Electronics Letters, vol. 44, pp. 316-318, 2008.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 28 March 2021
  • Revise Date: 26 May 2021
  • Accept Date: 12 September 2021

Share

How to cite

Statistics